How to Download and Query Harmonized System (HS) Codes Using UN Comtrade Data

The Harmonized System (HS), managed by the World Customs Organization (WCO), is a global standard for classifying traded goods using unique six-digit codes that simplify customs procedures, tariff application, and international trade. The system’s hierarchical structure categorizes products from chapters to subheadings, with countries able to add extra digits for local use. In this article, we’ll explore how to download HS code data from Comtrade and load it in a way that preserves its hierarchical structure, enabling efficient and meaningful querying.

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be personal financial, investment, or other advice.

The Harmonized System (HS) is an internationally standardized framework for classifying traded products, developed and maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO). Each product is assigned a unique six-digit code that allows customs authorities worldwide to identify goods, apply tariffs, and streamline international trade through a unified language of commerce. The system follows a hierarchical structure, where the digits represent progressively detailed levels — from chapter to heading to subheading. Individual countries may further extend these codes by adding additional digits for domestic classification purposes.

The primary goal of HS codes is to standardize product classification, making customs clearance more…